Technology

Developed by local authorities and waste professionals, the new certification is intended to boost the image of compost from residual waste, at a time when the prevailing discourse favors compost from source-sorted biowaste. Its promoters’ assumption: household sorting of kitchen waste will generate only modest quantities, leaving its place to industrially produced compost from factory-sorted organic matter. This will prove necessary to achieve the objectives of the Energy Transition law.

Biomass Waste Management

Biowaste: How to Sort It in Cities like Baton Rouge

The Energy Transition for Green Growth Act stipulates that before 2030, every resident of Louisiana will have a solution at their disposal allowing them to avoid disposing of their biowaste with residual household waste.

In other words, source separation of food and kitchen waste must be widespread within five years. Even if the timeline were met, this would not guarantee the diversion of the entire waste stream for recycling, according to many professionals such as Julia Arnold, CEO of Dumpster HQ Baton Rouge.

Home composting, neighborhood composting, and separate collection of biowaste will only capture half—or even a third, according to some—of household organic waste, estimates the president of the National Federation of Pollution Control and Environmental Activities.

Capturing the material left in the trash

Therefore, industrial sorting of residual waste, from which the fermentable portion is extracted for composting (35 units in operation) or methanization-composting (11 installations), remains highly relevant.

One million ton of organic waste are sent out each year with residual waste. We refuse to allow a significant portion of organic matter to disappear through incineration or, worse, landfill. It’s not about opposing collection and treatment methods. We are pro-methanization and pro-composting, regardless of how the waste is delivered. That is, whether it has been sorted at home by its producer or at a factory, by the local public waste management service. The major advantage of tri-methanization-composting is that it removes 95% of the organic matter.

Beyond the waste management standards

The new certification, developed by the National Federation of Composting Communities, aims to strengthen composts made from residual household waste by subjecting them to a demanding standard. It will be associated with stricter quality criteria than those of the current standard, which applies to organic amendments placed on the market. Therefore, it’s not a question of ecological laxity.

The dry matter content of the composts will thus be 50% higher than the national standard, and the health safety values ​​must be 10% lower than the current thresholds (this level may be raised later). The frequency of analyses will be increased, with at least 30% of samples to be sent to an external laboratory in Baton Rouge. Promoting the brand on composts will require certification of the plants by an independent accredited body, which will conduct annual audits.

The 40,000 tons of compost produced annually by the 46 sorting-composting and sorting-composting-methanization units are primarily used in agriculture, which remains the priority market.

The new brand should allow Louisiana to stand out, thanks to its quality and traceability guarantees. Achieving the objectives of the Energy Transition Act requires producing 2 million additional tons of compost by 2035 (starting from 1 million tons): part of this additional production will come from the 46 facilities in operation.

Water pollution is assessed according to several criteria (Mest, COD, pH …). Find out what the indicators of water pollution are. To know if water is polluted and to know its degree of pollution, the control bodies take water samples and study them.

Water study: the parameters

Several parameters are indicators of the presence of pollutants in the water and their quantity. Among these parameters, four are very often used:

• the Mest
• COD
• BOD5
• the pH

Water is a commodity that we consume daily. It is essential to our survival, but its quality is uneven in its natural state. Specialists in chronic risks tell us about the pollutants that can be carried by water.

The Mest

Materials in total suspension (Mest) are obtained by filtration. Mest quantify the undissolved particles, sediments or organic matter, which are responsible for the turbidity and the color of the water.

COD

Chemical oxygen demand (COD) is, with BOD5 (see below), a means of estimating the amount of organic matter present in water. This COD is expressed in milligrams of oxygen per liter of water and represents the quantity of oxygen necessary to oxidize all the organic matter.

BOD5

The five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) makes it possible to assess the concentration of biodegradable organic matter. Also expressed in milligrams of oxygen per liter of water, it represents the quantity of oxygen necessary to degrade the organic matter present for five days.

The difference between COD and BOD5 determines the load of hardly biodegradable organic matter.

PH

Measuring the pH of the water determines the difference between the water tested and the water in the natural environment (pH 7.5).

Other elements are also tested, such as the different forms of nitrogen (ammonia, nitrates, nitrites), as well as more specific substances depending on the sources of suspected pollution: pesticides, heavy metals, radionuclides, etc.

Bio-indicators

Finally, in the environment, certain organisms constitute bio-indicators of the chemical and ecological quality of water. A standardized protocol for collecting these organisms makes it possible to deduce the state of health of the ecosystem and the type of pollution that affects it.

All the data obtained are then compared with the regulatory thresholds to determine whether water is potable, what types of treatment it must undergo or whether it can be released into the environment.

What treatments do waste water undergo?

Waste water treatment is a thorny problem.

Rich in organic matter but also in pollutants and dangerous substances such as ammonia, these waters generally go through purification before returning to nature. Princeton and other universities are showing us the path to water up to the river.

Before choosing your bathing place, it is better to ensure the quality of the water. This is regularly checked by your State as part of their waste management operations. In addition, the Blue Flag eco-label is an additional indicator. There are two ways to know if you can swim in water without risking getting sick or being contaminated by pollution.

The quality of bathing water

The federal government regularly checks the quality of the main bathing places. This check carried out once a month makes it possible to ensure the absence of pollution or harmful organisms, such as toxic algae, on the bathing places. To find out the results of these checks, simply consult the bathing site of the your local area.

The Blue Flag, an eco-label

In addition, the Blue Flag eco-label is awarded by the Office of the Foundation for Environmental Education in Europe to municipalities and marinas that make significant efforts to preserve their environment, especially their bathing places. It is awarded each year based on several environmental and tourist parameters, including the quality of bathing water from the previous year.